Well, a couple of things.
The not so good:
1) No armor. If your expecting to get into combat, the lack of armor is going to hurt badly. The ship cant take much damage.
2) Fire Control tracking speed. Its low, your weapons are capable of 5400 km/s, but the fire control is significantly behind them at 4000 km/s.
3) Power. Your actually a bit overpowered. Your weapons are drawing 10 power per 4 seconds, but you have 36 generated.
4) Sensors. Your active sensor is very short ranged, and you lack any passives.
The good:
1) Maint Capacity. You have a lot for this ship, which is good for a survey/exploration.
2) Fuel. The range is pretty good, which is also good for survey/exploration
3) Speed. Speed is decent for the engine technology.
What you can do:
1) Pick one of the two weapon types rather than mix them up, saving some space and weight.
2) Upgrade your tracking speed to get closer to the speed of the ship.
3) Putting a bit of armor will increase your survival chances significantly.
4) Get some passive sensors on the ship. Your active sensors are pretty myopic, so you cant really see anything coming at you.
5) Drop the extra Reactor, you dont need it to power the weapons, and its adding space and weight.
6) Add another Grav survey sensor, it speeds up your exploration capability.
Its not a bad start for your first ship. Your range and supplies are good, but the ship needs better eyes and better defenses. If your tracking speed is low, you may consider adding armor and sensors and dropping your total speed down to match your fire control a bit closer. Your ship is pretty defenseless against missiles, you cant even see them coming, and your weapons cant track them very well. Add some armor and consider putting some time into getting your fire control tracking speed up. Build a bigger fire control if need be to get the speed up, its critical. Finally, add some better sensor capability so you can see ships coming at you. Right now, if you fly around with the active sensor lit, you just make your ship easy to see, but its blind to what else is out there.