sniping is a thing you do with particle beams and particle lances, you can do it in a pinch if you have lasers, but I wouldn't use that as your main tactic with them.
Depending on the enemy you are facing, taking all the missiles to the face is not only viable, but often your only option, depending on their range, even with a significant speed advantage, meaning that if you dont risk losing anything important by being outmanouvered, say you already controll the jump points to the rest of your empire pretty solidly, you can affor that disadvantage, if it means you can bully them out of your sistem. if you are going to use beams, make sure your point defense is solid enough that you can weather their AMM storms without taking significant damage. Railguns are great on your faster ships, because you can pack a lot of point defense capability and a lot of raw dps for relatively low values, but I personaly prefer using lasers and GC, with maybe a little microwaving to make things interesting, but railguns are always a solid choice, even the bigger ones, and it allows you to focus your research a bit more on engines.