Just to add exact detail: CI is exactly half as efficient as other industries. It gives 1 point to each, construction, mining, ordnance, fighter and fuel production, so that is 5 points in total. Any trans-newtonian industry instead gives 10 points in its respective area, so the total is two times higher.
Not sure if CI benefits from tech advances, but if not then the gap will quickly widen.
CI won't benefit from the tech advances.
While CI gives you 1 point in each of those areas, the TN counterpart gives you 10 points. So it is 10x as effective
in that area. Saying it's only 2x is a bit misleading. Overall, you are losing 5 points of production, and you are gaining 10. But that 10 points is specialized.