A further update on Trade. The first inter-Empire trade took place recently when freighters of the Terran Federation (in my test game) delivered Spices and Precious Metals to the homeworld of an NPR. The NPR and the Federation have a neutral military relationship but the NPR gave trade access to the Federation. Some of the freighters are now returning to Earth with Wines from the NPR but several others are delivering infrastructure from the NPR homeworld to one of its colonies. In this latter case the Shipping Line will get paid as normal, the NPR will gain the export taxes and the Federation will get the shipping taxes.
A quick aside. Under the new political rules, if the military co-operation level between two races is less than friendly and an NPR actively detects alien ships in systems with its own population it will cause negative political points. If the relationship falls to the hostile level, the NPR will open fire. However, if the military co-operation level is neutral but a trade treaty is in place, freighters entering populated systems of the other race will not cause any decrease in political standing. This includes colony ships and cargo ships but could also include other 'freighters' such as fuel harvesters or construction ships so you will be able to build jump gate networks within an alien Empire to facilitate trade. Or you could send in a player-controlled freighter on a covert spying mission, although you will only have minimal sensors due to the restrictions on freighters. NPR ships entering player systems never cause negative political points as it will be up to you how to deal with them.
The colony ships of shipping lines will continue to carry colonists in the same way as in v4.0. However, the source/destination flag on the pop window will also affect trade. The infrastructure demand for a pop set as a destination will be equal to the infrastructure required for the current population plus 25%. The infrastructure demand for a pop set as a source will simply be equal to the infrastructure required for the current population. This means that the cargo ships of shipping lines will expand capacity on destination worlds but not on source worlds unless the source world is overcrowded.
Steve