I know I havent gotten the Constitution or the charter as it will probly be called since theres a strong push for a Corporate ran government, but you actually hit the Industry minister's role pretty much on the head. his role is to oversee the construction efforts from infrastructure to new Ships so they pretty much control the flow of minerals. If for example the Military wished to build three new cruisers, and had the presidents approval then the Military minister would have to work with the Industry guy to get it done, maybe the yards are busy building new colony ships and theres only one slip available, or maybe theres a resource shortage, so the two ministries would have to agree on say building one cruiser now and two more after the first ones completed or continue one at a time if resources remain short.
Although now that i type that the idea of a budget would be a cool idea too. we could say the Military "budget" is 25% of all minerals in our stockpile or specific numbers if the president so chooses. The military then has control of military shipyards and are free to build whatever they want as long as their budget falls within limit. if there is overages then its up to the Military to get approval from the industrial to use excess resources. I could also see the military making deals with the survey or commerce ministers to use military shipyards to build civilian ships in return fro a little extra of their resources. Maybe we should even make a new ministry a budget ministry?
Industry minister could be responsible for building new facilities on a planet, the research labs or mines for example. but a Financial minister could be in charge of the actual budget. it would be his responsibility to ensure no one was abusing their budgeted quota, he woudl work with the president to set the yearly budget to control resources and so on.