For construction and research, I use the queue!
If a research task or construction order are going to finish in the next year or so, I pretty much always have the next job queued up ready to go. For clear "programs" like developing the components for a new ship class or updating my ground units, I'll queue them all up at once and just wait. I do the same for constructing ground unit hierarchies; I'll order all the formations that go into the hierarchy at once.
That takes care of research and all forms of construction. For shipbuilding, I find that I don't really need to have a plan. When the slipways empty, it's time to decide what is going to happen next. Shipyard size and retooling takes more planning; I don't have a great way of handling that aside from trying to standardize my ship sizes.
I also make very heavy use of the prototype component feature. I build ships out of prototypes, then hit the research proto button on all the components that make it into the final design. Then I go queue up the parts! This way I don't forget what I wanted to do with the new tech, and I can start increasing my shipyard size if I need to since I know how big the new ships will be.
Thank you so much for giving me things I can use. You're the best!
I don't know how I'd forgotten about queueing. That'll help a lot.
I haven't been able to find anything on how the prototyping feature works. Would you mind explaining it?
When you design stuff lookout for the prototype button. Prototype components cannot be built, however they can be included in designs without being researched by a scientist. They are supposed to help you actually design a ship without wasting your time to research sub-par garbage.
A ship design that has any prototype designs cannot be built or tooled for. In order to do that you have to (i forget where the button for this is) designate the prototypes to be researched, turning them into "research prototypes" and creating relevant research projects. Once these are researched the relevant component will be treated as a normal component and the ship design will be ready for tooling and construction in a shipyard.