Thanks for the interesting replies. I see the point of using the SM function to set up games in different fashions, or to speed the game along in the early stages. I am also aware of the role of a neutral Space (or Dungeon) Master. And I will start an "instant RST" game - such a lot of things to discover in this game!
I'd still like to know in which way using the SM function impacts the game's balance. Or whether and how the AI reacts to the player using the SM function. For example, the research and build points the SM functions provide are known to the AI, and could be given to the NPR's, too. I think I read somewhere that Aurora differs from most other 4X games (or strategy games in general) in that the early stages of the game don't determine its outcome - no colony rushing, etc. This could indicate that using the SM function doesn't give you that much of an advantage.
I myself am a solitary player, no experience with (and no interest in) multi-player games. As a beginner, my main goal for playing Aurora is still to understand the game, to explore its features, strengths and weaknesses. In terms of gameplay, I'm mainly struggling with building and developing my "empire" and exploring the universe with its stars, bodies, jump points, etc - great fun! I have yet to meet an NPR, so the question how using the SM function impacts the game balance is still a theoretical one for me. But I'm aware that these guys are out there and sooner or later I'll encounter them.
I wouldn't mind to really swap hats, between player and Space Master. That's what I meant when I asked whether it was possible to watch the AI (or rather the NPRs). But this doesn't seem to be possible (at least not in a way digestible for me - I'm sure that the database and its progress during the game hold all information required).
Thus I'll continue with my two current roles, perspectives, perceptions, called it what you like - the lone empire builder, and the opponent of a (yet to discover) AI player personality.
May I repeat my question regarding the impact of using the SM functions on the game balance? Does the NPR AI react to the usage of the SM functions by the player? Does it give the player an advantage over the NPR's, if he uses the SM functions, and, if yes, is it an advantage with a big impact on the "dealings" with the NPR's?