One item I would like confirmed is that while adding more Xeno teams will speed that process, adding Geo teams does NOT speed that process.
This is incorrect. Every planet has a fixed number of points that you need in order to survey it, either from ground or from space. I think this is just based on size, but I'd have to look that up. When you survey from space, the survey fleet generates a certain number of survey points per hour, based on how many geosurvey modules are present. The time the task takes is then the total divided by the rate; easy to figure out.
Ground surveys work exactly the same way, except that they are slower. Still, because this is a linear equation, doubling the number of geosurvey units will double the speed of the survey and halve the time it will take. But you don't get any ongoing feedback like you do with ships, which is confusing and should be changed.
2) On some sites, the Xeno team will discover 'buried' ancient installations (that look and operate exactly like yours) that will require Construction Teams to uncover and make usable which you can then ship off site or use there if that works for your situation. The game will tell you when this happens. Const Teams are like Xeno, in that more = faster. Some sites do not require Const after Xeno finishes their work. (Reasarch Bonus sites for example)
Yes, construction units recovering facilities are also probability-based like xenoarchaeology units decyphering the ruins. However, the probabilities are much higher, so a single 10kt construction unit will usually recover a facility once every construction cycle. I forget what the exact formula is, and I couldn't find it when I looked just now. Does anyone else know?