This happened on 1.6.2, but I haven't seen anyone bring up this bug so I think it hasn't yet been fixed.
I started a new game on 1.6.2, disabled Known Stars, and
didn't change any other option only changed the difficulty modifer (Picture 2).
Discovered two Jump Points. Jumped into the first, and my ship came out the second (Picture 1).
It would seem two jump points in Sol take me to Sol. Probably not WAI?
I played some more. Completed the Grav Survey of Sol. There are no more jump points. Just the ones leading to back Sol. I have no access to the galaxy
Edit: updated to 1.6.3. Didn't modify any option.
Luckily last time I saved was before I discovered the 2 jump points. Did everythin again, and when my jump ship jumped into the JP, it discovered a different system, as normale.
Either the bug was fixed, or it is hard to reproduce.