I asked the question recently as well.
Every missile tube needs to be slaved to a fire control to work, OR the missile can have its own sensors. However, being tiny and packed atop a warhead, missile sensors are useless for distant fire, mostly used to launch a huge volley at someone, and then the extra missiles can re-target a nearby ship once you've killed the primary target. You can "blind fire" a missile, but it doesn't work very well.
Passive and active sensors can be shared amongst ships (in fact, it's your empire-wide field of view there, so everything shares sensor coverage) but fire control is specific to a ship - in fact it's specific to your weapon. One or more weapon can be slaved to a fire control, treating each fire control as a different volley of fire, so to speak.