Excerpted from Winston Churchill’s A History of the English-Speaking People.
Appendix A to chapter “The Aether Age” entitled “A Timeline of the Early Aether Age, 1837-1845”.The years immediately following Victoria’s coronation were full of the sorts of things which demand so much attention at the time but which, when viewed through history’s lens, fade to insignificance. The Spanish Rebellion of 1840 was put down handily, and scandals involving John Conroy - Victoria’s mother’s suspected lover - distracted from the actual effects of governing. Flare-ups of separatism in America, Hungary, Egypt, and China all required the strenuous efforts of the Thin Red Line, the 2,500 men of the five battalions of knights and heavy grenadiers. Modernization efforts were hampered and co-opted throughout the world as the Colonial Administration nobly fought to right the course of the protectorate states and direct them to the new modernity of the aether age.
A single bright spot in the general gloom was Nippon. The defeat of the island in the Empire War had been brutal and effective - necessarily so, as the Japanese people refused to lay down arms even in the face of insurmountable odds. Kyoto and Yokohama had been almost completely destroyed by British heavy grenadiers fighting an unfamiliar, urban war against a determined opponent. But a scant five years later the Japanese people had embraced their own version of British culture and were making full use of the resources of the Colonial Administration to update their islands technology, industry, and infrastructure.
The period following the discovery of Martian ruins was a brief flash of interplanetary awareness which quickly died back down to a simmer. The Xenology Corps of the Royal Society established a permanent base in a small corner of one of the deserted cities, which was still airtight and could support an environment. The set about understanding just what had been found and attempting to make sense of a totally alien culture.
1840 began with the disappointment that neither Mercury nor Venus had aether elements or ruins. HMSS
Watt began surveying the moons of Jupiter and Saturn, but the early, heady days of space travel when it seemed that the heavens were full of useful minerals and ancient civilizations passed quietly into the realm of old fantasy. Continued research into more efficient methods of propulsion was paying off, but there was neither the will nor the resources to update the ships of the fledgling British Space Navy at this point.
September of 1840 brought another brief moment of humanity turning heavenward when news trickled out that further Martian ruins (for all aliens had become Martians, now, perhaps unavoidably) had been found on Ganymede, one of Jupiter’s larger moons. It took only two days for the newspapers to turn from exultant to petulant for, they said, what good were ruins on Ganymede when those on Mars were still a mystery? And why was Mars still off-limits to all? And what good would it be even if they could go there? There were problems aplenty on the Earth.
The surveys continued of the greater gas giants through 1841. Europa and Titan were each discovered to possess decent quantities of aether materials, and Jupiter was a massive ball of easily-accessible sorium. If a method could be devised of extracting it, humanity would have no trouble fueling their craft. Of course, the British Space Navy still boasted only 2 ships, so fuel was not a concern for the foreseeable future.
In 1842, Akshamala Saigal was appointed as the Crown’s Viceroy to the Protectorate of India. It marked the first time a native was given the highest Imperial post in the land. Many historians now view it as a turning point in the consolidation of the British Empire, as India - her oldest and best colony - could be seen to have taken a critical step toward full citizenship. There was some hope that this would quiet unrest in India and elsewhere. From the vast remove of a century it was clear that it did, but continued unrest in the Pakistani and Punjabi regions likely dispelled hopes at the time that the step would be greeted as progress.
1842 also saw the launch of the BSN’s second survey vessel, the
Stephenson, which began a survey of the asteroid belt. The University of Edinburgh added a faculty department to study aether propulsion, making the fourth such faculty in the Empire after Oxford, Cambridge, and Aberdeen. Twenty percent of the old industry of the Empire had been converted, half to factories and half to the mines that supplied them. The first clockwork computers, designed by Charles Babbage, had increased the ability of scholars the world over to do research, store facts, and compute figures.
The House of Burghers began agitating in the early months of 1843, pointing out the marked lack of corundium on Earth and the difficulty in obtaining it. By this time, the survey vessels of the BSN had identified a handful of asteroids containing aether elements, one with an estimated 10,000 tons of corundium. After successful lobbying by the East India Company - still in fill control of the House of Burghers by a slim margin - the House of Lords was swayed and a proposal approved to throw the Empire’s industrial might behind a spaceyard for the East India Company.
The meson telegraph first saw commercial production at the end of 1843. The ability to point through any substance - including straight down through the Earth - to a receiver infinitely far away is commonplace today, but to a culture and society still functioning with courier pigeons and mail schooners, the Communication Revolution was a fundamental shift in the style - and speed - of communication. For the Admiralty, the question of tracking of and communication with ships is space was all but solved. Meson propagation through the aether was faster than light and functionally instantaneous on interplanetary scales.
By 1844, the first East Indiaman design - using the Hurst Paddlewheel propulsion system and enough cargo space to carry the materials for two mines in five trips - had been launched and was under the control of the East India Company as representatives of Her Majesty’s Government. The first of the asteroid mines began, utilizing mines converted to clockwork automation with the Babbage Process. The hope was that expanded production there would relieve some corundium shortages on Earth.
1844 was also notable in that the Empire officially extended beyond the skies for the first time. Viceroys were appointed to Mars and to Asteroid #21, unofficially known as Corundium Hill. Viceroy Jennifer Hill traveled to Mars aboard the old
Turtle and took up residence there among the 200-odd researchers and administrators living in the old alien city. Her diplomatic skill was a primary reason for her appointment, both to keep the peace among the scholars of a dozen different organizations and to handle the requests for information from numerous branches of the Imperial heirarchy. Arya Chetri, while Viceroy of Corundium Hill, wisely administered the automated colony’s production and shipping schedule from a Colonial Administration center in Bombay.
The illness of Colonel Catherine Shaw of the Martian Survey Corps prompted plans for the first class of BSN courier cutters as well. While Shaw insisted on staying on at the dig site, it was evident that another vessel was needed. The
Watt-class survey vessels were far too slow to serve as evacuation craft, and all three current ships were busy surveying. The freighters of the East India Company were either ferrying mines out to Corundium Hill or bringing minerals back, and leaving an entire freighter in orbit as an emergency measure for 200 scientists on Mars seemed excessive. The
Turtle was the only other choice, but with no on-board maintenance and no facilities on Mars, she could not spend any amount of time away from Earth without risking irreparable damage.
The
Jewel-class cutter was devised as a high-speed personnel transport, intended to move dignitaries, survey teams, and captains between ships and planets in interplanetary space. A basic and functional ship, it was simply a hull wrapped around bare living and engineering space, slung between two military-grade Hurst Etherworks Darville 7 aether propellers. At 3,125 km/s, the
Jewel-class was more than fast enough to contend with all survey requirements in the inner system and beyond the asteroid belt.
Jewel class Cutter 800 tons 60 Crew 56.6 BP TCS 16 TH 50 EM 0
3125 km/s Armour 1-7 Shields 0-0 Sensors 1/1/0/0 Damage Control Rating 0 PPV 0
Maint Life 6.58 Years MSP 22 AFR 10% IFR 0.1% 1YR 1 5YR 13 Max Repair 12 MSP
Hunter Etherworks Darville 7 (2) Power 25 Fuel Use 90% Signature 25 Armour 0 Exp 5%
Fuel Capacity 50,000 Litres Range 125.0 billion km (462 days at full power)
This design is classed as a Military Vessel for maintenance purposes
In 1845 it was again the East India Company and the House of Burghers that turned the Empire’s gaze skyward. A smaller recreational concern holding three seats in the House of Burghers managed to maneuver a relatively large voting bloc to force an issue in the Burghers and, in so doing, essentially to have the East India Company in their debt. To clear the debt, the East India Company threw their support behind a proposal to retool the E.I.C. Spaceworks yard for a proposed passenger ship. The plan was to build a hotel on Mars and host outings for the wealthy and slightly cracked. Given his later schemes, it is no surprise that Lord Berkeley was among the backers of this particular project. The
Paradisium -class spaceliner had berths for 250 passengers, though there was no destination to accept them on Mars, as yet.
Paradisium class Passenger Cruiser 5,950 tons 173 Crew 206.2 BP TCS 119 TH 125 EM 0
1050 km/s Armour 1-29 Shields 0-0 Sensors 1/1/0/0 Damage Control Rating 1 PPV 0
MSP 22 Max Repair 16 MSP
Passengers 250
Hurst Ether Paddlewheel (2) Power 62.5 Fuel Use 9% Signature 62.5 Armour 0 Exp 1%
Fuel Capacity 50,000 Litres Range 168.0 billion km (1851 days at full power)
This design is classed as a Commercial Vessel for maintenance purposes
The second half of 1845 saw three monumental occurrences that only became clear in hindsight. First, Louise Cameron finished his second tour of duty aboard a BSN ship as third lieutenant. His piles of calculations and sensor readings relating to standing gravitational waves were seen as obtuse and pointless in the Admiralty, but to the University of Glasgow, desperate for an aether power and propulsion faculty of its own, Cameron’s experience was enough to secure him a position. His assumption of the Chair of Aether Studies at Glasgow began the process that later culminated in warp tunnel and jump point studies.
Secondly, the death of David Flynn of the Martian Survey Corps caused a re-thinking of the current patterns of study on Mars. The presence of any formal colony, even the foolish “Resort Hotel” Lord Berkeley was pushing, would likely have saved the man’s life. The
Turtle was sent with replacement and relief personnel even as Parliament directed the Colonial Administration to shift some industrial production to the creation of infrastructure for a truly human colony on Mars.
Lastly, Wright Shipping Company was formed. It was the first purely space-oriented shipping line, eschewing any Earth-bound freight capacity as well as ignoring the House of Burghers as a potential money sink. The company expanded quickly with two East Indiamen freighters and began angling for government contracts to ship to Mars and Corundium hill and civilian contracts to form mining complexes. The Wright Shipping - Northumberland Mining joint concern to found civilian mining structures sparked the beginning of the true commercialization of space, as well as spurred Hurst Freight and Shipping to refocus their efforts in space.
Of course, the fourth monumental occurrence of 1845 was perfectly understood when it happened . . .
~~~
The Office of Vice-Commissioner Dylan Wall“Two thousand, five hundred, and . . .”
“64. An estimate, of course. The boffins are a bit fuzzy on the last two numbers. But they’re quite certain about the first two.” Ms. Jennifer Hill sits primly on the edge of the deep chair by the fire.
“But two thousand five hundred! That’s . . .” Wall drifts off and stares at Ms. Hill imploringly.
“Quite a few, sir. Yes. That is why I thought it best I come and let you know in person.”
Wall nods. “Yes. Quite right. I should think . . .”
A knock at the door. Mr. Mann enters. “Good afternoon, Dylan. I was . . . oh, I apologize! I did not realize you had company.”
Wall gestures toward the second chair. “Do come in, Curtis. Ms. Hill, Curtis Mann. Curtis, this is Ms. Jennifer Hill, Viceroy of Mars.” Ms. Hill proffers her hand while casting a slight questioning glance at Mr. Wall. “Oh, you may speak freely. Mr. Mann is one of the Queen’s most trusted confidantes. Moreso than I, I daresay.”
Mann hangs his hat and greatcoat. “Viceroy of Mars, you say? A lofty title for a humble place, though it is important beyond its size.”
“Not so humble, nor so small anymore, chap. Ms. Hill was just telling me that the Martian Survey Corp has identified 2,500 separate Martian installations in their cities.”
“So I had heard, yes,” Mr. Mann says.
Ms. Hill is taken aback. “Sir, I just stepped from the cutter
Emerald moments ago. I do not see how you could have known.”
Mann waves a vague hand. “It is my business, Ms. Hill. My knowing does not reflect on you in any way, I assure you. But I did not mean to distract, please continue.”
Wall coughs and leans back in his chair. His desk is noticeably clean, and he wipes at something upon it. “Well, there is little to say. The training of engineers has still not commenced, but given the news they will undoubtedly be necessary. And we’ll need to look into some way of transporting them. Converted freighters for the moment, no doubt. As news spreads, I’m sure the spaceliners to the Red Planet will fill up.”
Mann waits, then fixes each of them with a raised eyebrow in turn. “And . . . ?”
Wall shrugs. Unclear. “And . . . what? I have been assured that it will take time to restore any of these, and that it will happen one-by-one. It is not as if we’ve just switched on the lights in five major cities and all are now welcome.”
“What of the advanced technology we are likely to find?”
Ms. Hill again seems perplexed. “Mr. Mann, there is no indication that the alien ruins on Mars are significantly more advanced than . . .”
“Ms. Hill, there are two possibilities. First, the Martians are from Mars. In which case, we could expect far more than five cities, and their technology would be relatively rudimentary. It would not have taken us this long to decipher the basics of it. Secondly, they are from elsewhere. Perhaps even Earth, as some of the theories go, though doubtfully. If that is the case, then they are most certainly more advanced, since they managed to build what amounts to Earth’s five greatest cities, but on another planet altogether from their homeworld. The second seems most likely, at the moment.”
Wall waits a moment. “And if this is the case, what does it change?”
Mann fixes him with a flat look. “Nothing, for the moment. But I must see to it that Crown and Country are properly protected in whatever we do find.”
~~~
Excerpted from the notes of Vice-Commissioner Dylan Wall of the British Colonial Administration6th of November, 1845 - The Martian Survey Corps has decoded the language of a group calling themselves the Nizip Enclave. The ruins are spread across five major cities and their satellite settlements, named Caledonia, New Kent, Mars York, Britannia, and Victoria. At the request of all, research into militarily-organized engineering units has been increased tenfold. The Martian Survey Corps is sent to Ganymede to assist in efforts there. The trip takes only 5 days aboard the
Diamond courier cutter.
25th of November - The retooling for the spaceliner is complete at the East India Compayn Spaceworks, but with the news coming from Mars it is clear a more robust solution will be necessary. Expansion of the shipyards commences.
30th of December, 1845 - The training regimen of the Engineering Brigades has been established and training begins on two units. Additionally, Wright Shipping and the Northumberland Mining joint concern has founded a civilian mining colony on Rhea. I must admit that when I gave permission for it, I doubted it would happen. But they do seem determined.
10th of February, 1846 - More civilian mining interests have cropped up as corundium shortages continue to plague construction throughout the empire. Goals are reevaluated and result in a shift toward research facilities, as mercassium stockpiles are large.
15th of March - Titan and Hyperion have now been claimed by mineral concerns. Civilian participation in space has increased greatly since the building of the first East India Company civilian spaceyard.
28th of June - The first of the
Paradisium-class spaceliners launches from E.I.C. Spaceworks. Transport of essential personnel to Mars is prioritized to help pave the way for the engineering brigades to come.
13th of August - Hurst Shipping launches its own
Paradisium to begin the Earth-Mars tourist run to the Martian Desert Resort on the edges of the Victoria Canyon, a vast trench cut into Mars with the alien city of Victoria at its base. Month-long vacations start at 1,500 pounds.
10th of October, 1846 - A partially intact colony is found on Sol Asteroid 149. The Martian Survey Corps is diverted from Ganymede to investigate, leaving the Jovian Moon Research Group to decipher the rest of the Ganymede ruins.
13th of February, 1847 - The 1st Archaeo-Martian Brigade of Engineers is complete on Earth. The
Homefront is a converted freighter which will serve as the basis for a new class to transport engineering brigades. The ship makes use of newly devised short-range energy beams to assist in lifting and loading freight.
6th of February - A new aether reactor is designed which outperforms the steam-engine-based pressurized water reactor. The pebble bed reactor uses the large surface area of small chunks of gallicite to bind sorium and catalyze the reaction in a more controlled fashion, allowing for a cleaner and more powerful burn of the fuel. Application of the design to aether propulsion begins in earnest.
1st of May, 1847 - The 1st Archaeo-Martian Engineers restore the first artifact to operational status. It is an industrial-scale gauss cannon, apparently used to send packets of cargo on interplanetary journeys. The utility of such a device becomes clear as soon as it test fires a ton of dirt and soil into the Sun at three times the speed of a courier cutter. Freighters are diverted to transport the mass driver to Corundium Hill and a second is built in Earth orbit to slow down and accept the payloads.
The size of the mass driver and the continued need to ship clockwork mines makes it clear that the East Indiaman, while a serviceable freighter, is too small for truly exploiting the solar system. New designs are being sought for both an expanded colonization ship and an expanded interplanetary freighter. In preparation for these larger ships, both the civilian spaceyard of the East India Company and the naval yard at Plymouth Spaceworks begin increasing the overall capacity of their aether funnel.
~~~
Excerpted from Winston Churchill’s A History of the English-Speaking People.
Appendix B to chapter “The Aether Age” entitled “The Status of the British Empire Ten Years On”.The British Empire had a number of concerns on Earth in the time following the beginning of Victoria’s reign which slowed its expansion into space. Had the scope of Victoria’s reign been known, or had the Empire had an inkling of what awaited it in space, they might have been far more eager to reach the stars in a timely fashion. As it was, only the discovery of a massive settlement on Mars gave them the impetus necessary to loft themselves from the Earth.
Status of the British Empire Ten Years After Victoria’s Reign Begins
June 20, 1847Earth1,252.38 million citizens.
Wealth: 36,184 thousand pounds yearly
Shipyards: 2. 1 slipway each.
BSN Maintenance: 1,000 tons maximum.
Construction factories: 650
Steam Industry: 650
Sorium refineries: 10
Mines: 868
Clockwork Mines: 6
Mass Drivers: 1
Research Facilities: 22
Financial Centers: 4
Ground Unit Training Facilities: 2
Mars: 20,000 citizens
2,561 installations to recover
Infrastructure for 920,000 citizens
Asteroid #21 (Corundium Hill):
26 Automines and a mass driver
22 civilian mining complexes spread across:
Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Europa, and Asteroid 16.
Ongoing Archaeological Digs on Ganymede and Asteroid 149
2 Shipping lines with 11 ships: 9 East Indiamen total, and 1 Paradisium passenger cruiser each.
British Space Navy:1 Homefront troop transport
5 East Indiamen freighters
2 Paradisium passenger cruisers
3 Watt geological survey ships
2 Diamond couriers
1 Turtle science vessel.
British Aether troops:5 Heavy Grenadiers / Knights battalions
1 Engineering Brigade (on Mars)
~~~
From a technical paper of the Royal Society’s Martian Xenology Faculty, October the 9th, 1847Analysis of Site 17 outside Mars York, Thoughts and FindingsInstallation Technical Statistics:
Area: 8.2 square miles
Average building height: 23 feet
Highest building height: 196 feet (13 identical structures)
Location: 9.2 miles from marked center of Mars York
General Description: The installation has transit connections but is not connected. It is primarily enclosed. It contains living space and sleeping quarters. Dominated by aether reactors and machinery of unknown type.
Thoughts and Findings: The installation is labeled in the Martian general system as a “cloud factory” or perhaps “sky factory”. It appears to be a fully-contained set of machines for a discreet purpose, separate from the general mixture of installations near Mars York. Three other similar or possibly identical structures exist around Mars York and a number of likely other similar structures are identified near all other cities except for Victoria.
The aether reactors in this facility do not appear to be for power generation only. Instead, certain reactors can be powered up to run other machinery and equipment. The secondary aether reactors appear to be an interim source of materials for further machines, possibly used as fuel or raw materials. Limited power-on testing of select portions of the installation point to a number of interconnected but self-sufficient units, each centered around one of the 13 main structures. These rise like pipes or chimneys high above the surrounding structure.
Power-on tests have shown that the secondary aether reactors provide raw aether to tertiary mechanisms that separate the aether into its component elements. The mixture of aether points toward a high concentration of air.
Conclusion: It is believed that the installation is a “terraformer,” one of a type of proposed building whose purpose is to adjust the atmosphere of Mars to one more suitable. The previous settings of the cloud factory are not available, so no hint is given as to the atmospheric preferences of the Martians. However with further studies of the abilities of the terraformer and the effects of atmospheric manipulation, it is theoretically possible that Mars could be made fully habitable with a breathable atmosphere.
Note: The Martian cloud factory is massive. Based on the residences available in the facility, it is estimated that 250,000 citizens lived here, though with families the number of actual workers would be lower. The total current population of Mars would staff only 2 of the 13 sub-units of the terraformer. Unless the process can be automated, vast numbers of citizens will be needed to work in such an installation.
~~~
Excerpted from the notes of Vice-Commissioner Dylan Wall of the British Colonial Administration26th of February, 1848 - Engineers have recovered a deep space observatory in the Martian pattern, which has increased understanding for an improved thermal sensor. More importantly, thirty one engines based on a more advanced aether reactor have been discovered and shipped back to Earth for study by the Royal Society.
23rd of April - An engine application of the pebble bed reactor is complete, but study of the advanced engine technology from the Mars colony has put an even more advanced aether reactor within reach. Despite the need for improved engine technology, the Admiralty decides to forgo engine designs at this time, hoping for greater advances in the near future.
28th of April - After years in service, both HMSS
Turtle and HMSS
Watt have been retired and sent to a museum. As the other
Watt class ships finish their current missions, they will be removed from active service and scrapped.
15th of June - Further advanced engine and reactor technology is discovered in the abandoned cities on Mars. The engines are returned to the research laboratories of the Royal Society for dissection. Additionally, the ruins on Sol Asteroid #149 have been documented after 1.5 years. 241 installations are available for attempted recovery. The decision is made to continue focusing on Mars for the moment, but the Martian Survey Corps in recovered from the asteroid and sent back to Ganymede to assist the Jovian Moon Research Corps.
22nd of June - The work of various propulsion faculties throughout Britain and the disassembly of further advanced engined technology has caused another basic aether reactor design. Incorporating the previous advances, this engine overcomes a major overheating problem by running liquid sorium fuel through heating channels along the sides of the reactor. The process turns the liquid sorium to gaseous form while simultaneously cooling the reactor.
While the new aether reactor technology represents a large leap in the technology, propulsion applications still seem very far off. The Admiralty decides to channel research into increased fuel efficiency (which was also improved by the advanced engine components from the Martians) and then produce a new round of aether propellers based on existing technologies.
17th of August - A third engineering brigade finished training on Earth and is sent to Mars to assist in the recovery efforts. A working model for a large-scale cryogenic freezer completes its trials on human convicts and is deemed safe for public use. Cryogenic transport will require far less room for ‘passengers’ and should help free up the logjam of transportation to Mars.
7th of September - At the request of the Crown, the Admiralty, and the Colonial Administration, bids are submitted for a new aether engine. The Wright Pulse Paddlewheel is selected as the next-generation mass production aether paddle for civilian use. It is incorporated into a design to make use of the largest current shipyard, the East India Company Spaceworks at 35,000 tons.
Two ship designs are built using this new aether paddlewheel for propulsion. The
Viceroy is a massive ship containing a few incorporated tractor cranes for handling cargo and cryogenic transport for nearly 100,000 people. It could move the current population of Mars at one go. The
Martianman cargo ship is the same design at its core, but with the cryogenic equipment removed and replaced with empty cargo space. She has enough bulk hauling capabilities to move an entire mine to any location in the solar system. Because of the cargo ship’s similarity to the colony ship and its simplicity, a single shipyard tooled for the more complex colony ship should be able to build both on demand without having to change its focus. The
Martianman even carries berths for a few hundred extra crew, just so the operational portions of the two designs are identical.
27th of September, 1848 - With the news leaking out of the massive cities on Mars and their complexity, there is a growing consensus that the Martians were likely from another place. Debates rage among the Royal Society and similar organizations on the Continent and in the Americas. Most think that the Martians used highly-advanced aether propulsion to traverse the aether between the stars, but a growing minority think that some radically different method of travel was used, involving wormholes or some other such nonsense.
22nd of October - While industry on Earth has begun producing the necessary components for cryogenic transport units to speed along ultimate construction of the colony ships, retooling a shipyard to actually assemble the ships will take at least a year. Discussions with both Hurst Shipping and Trading and the Wright Shipping Company lead to a heavy government loan of one million pounds each to produce their own
Viceroy class ships through privately-owned shipyards.
21st of November - Today marked the opening of the last factory converted from pre-aether technologies. All existing mines and industrial complexes which are up to basic standards for conversion have been switch over to function on aether reactors. The first and most difficult goal (I hope) of my time at the Colonial Administration has been complete. Work has been redirected into four new deep space observatories at sites around the world, to form the backbone of the Inner System Traffic Direction Authority and police the space lanes. Also, my proposal to construct a Mars-based training facility for brigades of engineers has been approved and the individual components are being assembled here on Earth. Given the rate of recovery of installations it is likely that new brigades will be needed on Mars for a long time to come . . .
Editor’s Note: The entry for this day is clearly truncated, and is written in a shaky hand. The facing page bears the marks where the ledger was shut before the ink was dry, clearly indicating that Mr. Wall did not have time to sand and dry this entry.6th of December - News from Mars. Meeting with Parliament. Possible disaster.