I ran in to the same bug that someone else posted about fuel refineries not working. This is with a new game / new race / not Sol. I've tried toggling fuel production on and off without effect. I have the several hundred (600?) starting fuel refineries and plenty of every mineral, but no fuel is being produced. I built an additional fuel refinery to see if that would help, but no dice. I have yet to figure out how to get fuel production running. I've queued up researching increased fuel production to see if that helps.
Follow up: I confirmed that the mineral needed for fuel refineries (Sorium or whatever it's called) was being consumed. If I toggle off fuel production, it stops being consumed, and if I toggle it back on, it resumes being consumed, but no fuel is produced. I finally used the SM option to edit the stockpiles and manually add fuel once my stock was exhausted so I could keep playing.
Also, I finished researching increased fuel production and that did not help.